Cholera in Haiti

24 the Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP) reported 60 240 cumulative cholera cases including 1 415 deaths at the national level. The case fatality rate in hospitals at the national level is 2.3%, with 67% of the deaths occurring at health services level and 33% at community level.

In Port-au-prince and metropolitan area (Carrefour, Cite Soleil, Delmas, Kenscoff, Petion Ville, Tabarre and Croix des Bouquets), 5 778 cases, including 95 deaths have been reported.

On 19 November, the Ministry of Health of the Dominican Republic reported two cases tested positive for cholera. One person is hospitalized and the other is receiving treatment at his residence in the province of Santo Domingo.

WHO/PAHO and partners, including the GOARN (Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network) continue to support the Haitian MSPP in the response to the outbreak. Civil unrest since 15 November has slowed down several activities, including delivery of supplies for prevention and treatment of patients, particularly in the Northern city of Cap Haitian. Trainings on cholera treatment and initiatives to chlorinate water for 300 000 people had to be postponed.

The National Cholera Response Plan identifies the need to urgently scale-up Oral Rehydration Centres at the community level to provide services to non-life threatening cases and serve as a contact point for referring non severe patients to Cholera Treatment Units (CTUs) and severe patients to Cholera Treatment Centres (CTCs). The plan states the essential need to scale-up CTUs, which are attached to or near existing health centres, to provide essential treatment and triage patients with severe symptoms to CTCs. Nationwide, CTCs with a total capacity of 2 830 beds have been established in Haiti.

Recommendation

WHO does not recommend restrictions to international travel or trade due to the cholera outbreak in Haiti. For further information, please refer to the "WHO statement relating to international travel and trade to and from countries experiencing outbreaks of cholera" below.

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Avian influenza - situation in Egypt

29 DECEMBER 2010 - The Ministry of Health of Egypt has announced two new cases of human infection with H5N1 avian influenza.

A 28 year-old woman from Damanhour district of El Beheira governorate developed symptoms on 12 December. She was admitted to hospital on the 14th and subsequently discharged on the 22nd in good and stable condition. She has a history of exposure in a market where live animals are sold.

An 11 year-old girl from Esna district of Luxor governorate developed symptoms on 18 December and was admitted in the hospital the following day. She experienced severe respiratory symptoms requiring mechanical ventilation and died on 23 December. No information is available regarding poultry exposure. Investigations into the source of infection are underway.

Laboratory tests have confirmed H5N1 virus and both patients were treated with antiviral medications. Of the 115 cases confirmed to date in Egypt, 38 have been fatal.

Source

Bird flu and Treatment for Bird Flu

Bird flu

Birds, just like people, get the flu. Bird flu viruses infect birds, including chickens, other poultry and wild birds such as ducks. Most bird flu viruses can only infect other birds. However, bird flu can pose health risks to people. The first case of a bird flu virus infecting a person directly, H5N1, was in Hong Kong in 1997. Since then, the bird flu virus has spread to birds in countries in Asia, Africa and Europe.
Human infection is still very rare, but the virus that causes the infection in birds might change, or mutate, to more easily infect humans. This could lead to a pandemic, or a worldwide outbreak of the illness.
During an outbreak of bird flu, people who have contact with infected birds can become sick. It may also be possible to catch bird flu by eating poultry that is not well cooked or through contact with a person who has it. Bird flu can make people very sick or even cause death.

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  Treatment for Bird Flu for Humans  


Antiviral drugs are used to ease bird flu symptoms and shorten the duration of a bout of bird flu, by stopping the spread of the virus within the body. So far, the strain of the bird flu virus that has been passed to several people from birds seems to be affected by these treatments for bird flu.
However, if a bird flu pandemic occurs, the form that the virus finally takes may react to these drugs differently. A further problem could be that antiviral drugs usually have a shelf life of only a few years, and since the bird flu virus evolves extensively over time, the virus could become resistant to stockpiled bird flu treatments. Hence major stockpiles could become useless.
If antiviral drugs and vaccines are not available, it will necessary to use natural remedies to fight the viral infection and ease the flu symptoms. Click on the link to see information on popular natural flu remedies that could see you through a bird flu pandemic.

Treatment of polio

Currently, there is no treatment that can kill the poliovirus. Antibiotics or other medications for polio are not effective because polio is caused by a virus. Therefore, treatment focuses on providing relief of symptoms as the body fights the poliovirus. This is called supportive care.

Supportive Care as a Polio Treatment
Supportive care as a treatment for polio will depend on the symptoms that a person experiences. For those with mild symptoms or aseptic meningitis, supportive care may include:

Medications (such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen) to control fever or pain
Fluids
Rest until the fever improves.

In these cases, after 2-10 days, polio symptoms will usually have faded completely.

If paralytic paralysis occurs, treatment may be more extensive and long-term. Depending on the severity of symptoms, treatment for polio can include:

Medications to reduce pain and improve strength
Antibiotic medications for bacterial infections
Breathing assistance with a mechanical ventilator.

Visiting the Doctor
If someone becomes ill from possible polio symptoms, he or she should seek medical attention right away. It is important for the person to call the doctor in advance so that he or she doesn't have to sit in the waiting room for a long time and possibly infect other patients.

Sex for pregnant

Has pregnancy spiked your interest in sex? Or is sex the last thing on your mind? Either way, here's what you need to know about sex during pregnancy.

If you want to get pregnant, you have sex. No surprises there. But what about sex while you're pregnant? The answers aren't always as clear. Here's what you need to know about sex during pregnancy.

Is it OK to have sex during pregnancy?

As long as your pregnancy is proceeding normally, you can have sex as often as you like — but you may not always want to. At first, hormonal fluctuations, fatigue and nausea may sap your sexual desire. During the second trimester, increased blood flow to your sexual organs and breasts may rekindle your desire for sex. But by the third trimester, weight gain, back pain and other symptoms may once again dampen your enthusiasm for sex.

Can sex during pregnancy cause a miscarriage?

Many couples worry that sex during pregnancy will cause a miscarriage, especially in the first trimester. But sex isn't a concern. Early miscarriages are usually related to chromosomal abnormalities or other problems in the developing baby — not to anything you do or don't do.

Does sex during pregnancy harm the baby?

Your developing baby is protected by the amniotic fluid in your uterus, as well as the mucous plug that blocks the cervix throughout most of your pregnancy. Sexual activity won't affect your baby.

What are the best sexual positions during pregnancy?

As long as you're comfortable, most sexual positions are OK during pregnancy. As your pregnancy progresses, experiment to find what works best. Rather than lying on your back, you might want to lie next to your partner sideways or position yourself on top of your partner or in front of your partner. Let your creativity take over, as long as you keep mutual pleasure and comfort in mind.

What about oral and anal sex?

Oral sex is safe during pregnancy. There's a caveat, however. If you receive oral sex, make sure your partner doesn't blow air into your vagina. Rarely, a burst of air may block a blood vessel (air embolism) — which could be a life-threatening condition for you and the baby.

Generally, anal sex isn't recommended during pregnancy. Anal sex may be uncomfortable if you have pregnancy-related hemorrhoids. More concerning, anal sex may allow infection-causing bacteria to spread from the rectum to the vagina.

Pregnancy week by week

When you learn that you're pregnant, you may begin planning your pregnancy week by week. Every day, you may have more questions about healthy pregnancy. What should you eat? Can you exercise? What type of prenatal tests should you consider?
If you're carrying twins or other multiples, you may have even more questions about your pregnancy week by week. How much weight should you gain? How can you prevent preterm labor? Will you need bed rest?
Whatever your questions, understanding your pregnancy week by week can help you make good decisions throughout your pregnancy. Learn nutrition do's and don'ts, and get the basics on other healthy pregnancy issues — from exercise to back pain and sex. The more you know about your pregnancy week by week, the more manageable your pregnancy may seem.

Safe Food Handling For Pregnant Women

Pregnancy can be one of the most exciting times in your life. Following a healthy diet is an important way to make sure that you and your baby are getting the nutrients that you need.
However, during pregnancy, both you and your unborn baby are at an increased risk for foodborne illness. This is because of all the changes taking place in your body during pregnancy. This includes your immune system being weakened, which makes it more difficult to fight off infections.
Both you and your baby are more susceptible to bacteria, viruses and parasites such as Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Toxoplasma gondii. Certain bacteria, viruses or parasites can cross the placenta and increase the chance your baby may become infected. And your unborn baby's immune system is not developed enough to fight off harmful bacteria.
It is very important that you follow food safety advice and avoid eating food that are a higher risk to you during your pregnancy.

The Reproduction

is highly important for human wellbeing. Decisions about whether, when, and how to
have children are of the utmost importance to individuals and inextricably entwined with the closest
human relationships. Society does, however, have a
legitimate interest in the birth of an appropriate
number of children and in those children being as
healthy as possible, including those with impairments.
The health of pregnant women is thus an obvious
aspect for consideration as a key area in a health
strategy. The case for and against its selection will be
discussed in respect of maternal, fetal, and neonatal
mortality and morbidity and in the light of the
potential for and feasibility of prevention.

Cancer Type

Cancer Type

Viagra

Viagra aids in conceiving

Viagra aids in conceivingIt was a surprise for the British couple David and Kerry Horan, who were blessed with a girl child. As it was established, if a woman (instead of a man) consumes Viagra she might conceive, reports CARE Nottingham fertility clinic.

Viagra is used as medication for men with erectile dysfunction as it increases the blood flow. In case of Kerry, who suffered a miscarriage in 2005 after 12 weeks, she was having trouble conceiving.

Dr George Ndukwe, who performed the experiment, came to know that if IVF had failed due to poor blood flow in the womb then it needs radical treatment.

The lining was too thin for an embryo to be implanted and thus Viagra was used that helped in increasing blood flow and thickened the lining.

Once the wall had thickened, the doctors implanted the IVF embryos. After few days it was reported that she was pregnant.

However, Dr Ndukwe clarified that it will pose a health risk if the procedure isn't performed under supervision.

Since there are many couples all across the world who suffer from the same problem, it would be beneficial for them.

Health Tips

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When someone catches a flu or cold, then in addition to taking medication they are also advised to drink                      
plenty of water. What is the reason people should consume plenty of water during flu?
If someone has a cold, then the suggestion that they will be receiving is a lot of rest and drink plenty of water. Drinking water when catching flu can help maintain body fluids and overcome the flu.
Flu is a common disease during the rainy season or seasons transition. Flu symptoms are very disturbing for daily activities, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, cough and fever.
According to the NYTimes, theoretically, consuming plenty of water can help replace fluids lost due to fever. This condition will help loosen mucus that makes someone feel better.
Water consumption can also be used to help cleanse the body system and eliminate toxins. Although it is still uncertain whether this fluid intake can reduce the severity of the infection or not.
Getting adequate rest is also an important thing to do during the flu. This is because most of the flu caused by viruses that can actually heal itself if someone has a strong immune system.
Although there are certain foods that can reduce flu symptoms and speedup recovery. But actually there are also foods that actually should be avoided during the flu like sweet foods, milk and meat.
By having adequate rest, drink plenty of water and eat nutritious foods, someone will have a strong immune system to fight the flu virus in the body and reduce infection.




Although it is not dangerous, hiccups often make people uncomfortable. Moreover if the hiccups lasts long and makes loud noise. Certain foods such as sugar can stop hiccups.
Hiccups is medically known as singultus which is the condition of the diaphragm convulse outside will. Hiccups tend to occur when carbon dioxide levels in the blood dropped too low.
Besides that, toxic gases, smoke, spicy foods and drinks can also sometimes trigger hiccups. Anether cause is eating foods that are cold and hot food at the same time.
Hiccups are also a way of telling your body that you eat or drink too much. Scientists also assess that hiccup is a reflex that prevents you from choking on food or beverages.
Hiccups are also caused by frenikus nerve irritation which is the motor nerve to the diaphragm which helps control the breathing process.
Stress or high emotion also sometimes trigger hiccups. It could also be a sign that there is a foreign object on your ear. Long hiccups could make someone faint caused by heart rhythm problems. In addition, one third of chemotherapy patients also complained of continuous hiccups.
According to Livestrong, here are some foods that can help stop hiccups:
1. Sugar
Swallowing 1 teaspoon of sugar, can help cure hiccups. It is working because swallowing sticky powdered sugar can change the rhythm of breathing, so it can work to stop the hiccups. Hiccups can also be stopped because of the perceived sweet sensation of nerve endings in the mouth, especially on the back of the tongue which are sensitive to sour taste.
2. Peanut butter
One tablespoon of peanut butter can also cure hiccups. The reason is the same, namely because peanut butter is sticky that could change the rhythm of breath.
3. Lemon
Chewing a slice of fresh lemon can interfere with the vagus nerve impulse pattern, which can stop hiccups. Besides chewing, variations can also be done on lemon slices, like sucking on a slice or eating it.
4. Water
Simply drinking a glass of water can help stop hiccups. Swallowing water can disrupt the hiccup cycle and calm the nerves. Gargling with water can also cure hiccups.

Treatment of hepatitis B

Treatment to prevent hepatitis B infection after exposure
If you know you've been exposed to the hepatitis B virus, call your doctor immediately. Receiving an injection of hepatitis B immune globulin within 24 hours of coming in contact with the virus may help protect you from developing hepatitis B.
Treatment for acute hepatitis B infection
If your doctor determines your hepatitis B infection is acute — meaning it is short-lived and will go away on its own — you may not need treatment. Instead, your doctor will work to reduce any signs and symptoms you experience while your body fights the infection. Your doctor may recommend follow-up blood tests to make sure the virus has left your body.
Treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection
If you've been diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B infection, your doctor may recommend:

• Antiviral medications. Antiviral medications help fight the virus and slow its ability to damage your liver. Several medications are available. Your doctor can suggest which medications may be most appropriate for you.
• Liver transplant. If your liver has been severely damaged, a liver transplant may be an option. During a liver transplant, the surgeon removes your damaged liver and replaces it with a healthy liver. Most transplanted livers come from deceased donors, though a small number come from living donors.

Treatment of cholera

Treatment of cholera

Symptoms of cholera

The symptoms of cholera include nausea, vomiting, severe diarrhea, and abdominal cramps leading to profound dehydration.

 

 

Treatment of cholera

 

 

 

Cholera is an easily treatable disease. The prompt administration of oral rehydration salts to replace lost fluids nearly always results in cure. In especially severe cases, intravenous administration of fluids may be required to save the patient's life.

Left untreated, however, cholera can kill quickly following the onset of symptoms. This can happen at a speed that has incited fear and paralyzed commerce throughout history. Although such reactions are no longer justified, cholera continues to be perceived by many as a deadly and highly contagious threat that can spread through international trade in food.

Diabetes and Insulin

Diabetes

Diabetes is a birth defect where the body just doesn’t produce enough insulin to keep blood sugar at normal levels. Type 2 Diabetes afflicts mostly people with excessive weight and the condition is characterized by the inability of the body to use insulin secreted by the pancreas. There is also a less common type of Diabetes – Gestational Diabetes – that occurs in women during the second half of pregnancy and disappears after delivery

Insulin

Diabetes exacts its toll on many Americans, young and old. For years, researchers have painstakingly dissected this complicated disease caused by the destruction of insulin producing islet cells of the pancreas. Despite progress in understanding the underlying disease mechanisms for diabetes, there is still a paucity of effective therapies. For years investigators have been making slow, but steady, progress on experimental strategies for pancreatic transplantation and islet cell replacement. Now, researchers have turned their attention to adult stem cells that appear to be precursors to islet cells and embryonic stem cells that produce insulin.

Drug effects

Ritalin effect

This drug is often prescribed to treat attention deficit disorder. It is becoming an illicit street drug as well. Drug users looking for a high will crush Ritalin into a powder and snort it like cocaine, or inject it like heroin. It then has a much more powerful effect on the body. It causes severe headaches, anxiety, paranoia, and delusions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Methamphetamine effect

Known on the street as meth, speed, chalk, ice, crystal, and glass, methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant that strongly activates certain systems in the brain.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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     LSD effect

While some people use LSD for the sense of enhanced and vivid sensory experience, it can cause paranoia, confusion, anxiety, and panic attacks. Like Ecstasy, the user often blurs reality and fantasy, and has a distorted view of time and distance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Inhalants effect

Inhalants, such as glue, gasoline, hair spray, and paint thinner, are sniffed. The effect on the brain is almost immediate. And while some vapors leave the body quickly, others will remain for a long time. The fatty tissues protecting the nerve cells in the brain are destroyed by inhalant vapors. This slows down or even stops neural transmissions. Effects of inhalants include diminished ability to learn, remember, and solve problems.

 

 

 

 

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Alcohol effect

Alcohol is no safer than drugs. Alcohol impairs judgment and leads to memory lapses. It can lead to blackouts. It distorts vision, shortens coordination, and in addition to the brain can damage every other organ in the body.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Cocaine effect

Cocaine, both in powder form and as crack, is an extremely addictive stimulant. An addict usually loses interest in many areas of life, including school, sports, family, and friends. Use of cocaine can lead to feelings of paranoia and anxiety. Although often used to enhance sex drive, physical effect of cocaine on the receptors in the brain reduce the ability to feel pleasure (which in turn causes the dependency on the drug)

 

 

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Heroin effect

Heroin is a highly addictive opiate (like morphine). Brain cells can become dependent (highly addictive) on this drug to the extent that users need it in order to function in their daily routine. While heroin use starts out with a rush of pleasure, it leaves the use in a fog for many hours afterwards. Users soon find that their sole purpose in life is to have more of the drug that their body has become dependant on

 

 

 

 

 

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Marijuana effects

The parts of the brain that control emotions, memory, and judgment are affected by marijuana. Smoking it can not only weaken short-term memory, but can block information from making it into long term memory. It has also been shown to weaken problem solving ability.

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at the end

MOST HARMFUL DRUGS

 

A graph showing the drugs that are more reciprocating

Natural Medicine

Chinese acupuncture

Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion are based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory that heat from burning moxa transmitted to the skin indirectly through needles can help relieve pains on the waist, neck, or shoulder

 

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Cupping

Cupping is a treatment that claims to take the heat out of the body, by using cups that are heated before being placed on the body pf the patient.

A treatment in the Islamic religion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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herbal medicines

An herb is a plant or plant part used for its scent, flavor or therapeutic properties. Herbal medicine products are dietary supplements that people take to improve their health. Many herbs have been used for a long time for claimed health benefits. They are sold as tablets, capsules, powders, teas, extracts and fresh or dried plants. However, some can cause health problems, some are not effective and some may interact with other drugs you are taking.

To use an herbal product as safely as possible

* Consult your doctor first
* Do not take a bigger dose than the label recommends
* Take it under the guidance of a trained medical professional
* Be especially cautious if you are pregnant or nursing